This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to examine the current state of the literature and academic trends in the field of radiation physics. The thematic structure, influential authors, sources, and countries were analyzed by examining 602 academic articles containing the keyword “Radiation Physics” in the Web of Science database. The findings highlight the importance of key concepts such as “Radiation Physics”, “Monte Carlo Simulation”, and “Radiotherapy” in the field of radiation physics. The study also reveals the leading position of the United States in the literature and the impact of international collaborations in the field. Since the 2000s, the field has become multidisciplinary and has shifted towards more specific topics in parallel with technological advances. The results of the analysis provide a guide for researchers to identify focal points and future research opportunities in the radiation physics literature.